X.509
=====
.. currentmodule:: cryptography.x509
.. testsetup::
pem_req_data = b"""
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----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-----END CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----
""".strip()
pem_data = b"""
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
""".strip()
X.509 is an ITU-T standard for a `public key infrastructure`_. X.509v3 is
defined in :rfc:`5280` (which obsoletes :rfc:`2459` and :rfc:`3280`). X.509
certificates are commonly used in protocols like `TLS`_.
Loading Certificates
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. function:: load_pem_x509_certificate(data, backend)
.. versionadded:: 0.7
Deserialize a certificate from PEM encoded data. PEM certificates are
base64 decoded and have delimiters that look like
``-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----``.
:param bytes data: The PEM encoded certificate data.
:param backend: A backend supporting the
:class:`~cryptography.hazmat.backends.interfaces.X509Backend`
interface.
:returns: An instance of :class:`~cryptography.x509.Certificate`.
.. function:: load_der_x509_certificate(data, backend)
.. versionadded:: 0.7
Deserialize a certificate from DER encoded data. DER is a binary format
and is commonly found in files with the ``.cer`` extension (although file
extensions are not a guarantee of encoding type).
:param bytes data: The DER encoded certificate data.
:param backend: A backend supporting the
:class:`~cryptography.hazmat.backends.interfaces.X509Backend`
interface.
:returns: An instance of :class:`~cryptography.x509.Certificate`.
.. doctest::
>>> from cryptography import x509
>>> from cryptography.hazmat.backends import default_backend
>>> cert = x509.load_pem_x509_certificate(pem_data, default_backend())
>>> cert.serial
2
Loading Certificate Signing Requests
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. function:: load_pem_x509_csr(data, backend)
.. versionadded:: 0.9
Deserialize a certificate signing request (CSR) from PEM encoded data. PEM
requests are base64 decoded and have delimiters that look like
``-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----``. This format is also known as
PKCS#10.
:param bytes data: The PEM encoded request data.
:param backend: A backend supporting the
:class:`~cryptography.hazmat.backends.interfaces.X509Backend`
interface.
:returns: An instance of
:class:`~cryptography.x509.CertificateSigningRequest`.
.. function:: load_der_x509_csr(data, backend)
.. versionadded:: 0.9
Deserialize a certificate signing request (CSR) from DER encoded data. DER
is a binary format and is not commonly used with CSRs.
:param bytes data: The DER encoded request data.
:param backend: A backend supporting the
:class:`~cryptography.hazmat.backends.interfaces.X509Backend`
interface.
:returns: An instance of
:class:`~cryptography.x509.CertificateSigningRequest`.
.. doctest::
>>> from cryptography import x509
>>> from cryptography.hazmat.backends import default_backend
>>> from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import hashes
>>> csr = x509.load_pem_x509_csr(pem_req_data, default_backend())
>>> isinstance(csr.signature_hash_algorithm, hashes.SHA1)
True
X.509 Certificate Object
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. class:: Certificate
.. versionadded:: 0.7
.. attribute:: version
:type: :class:`~cryptography.x509.Version`
The certificate version as an enumeration. Version 3 certificates are
the latest version and also the only type you should see in practice.
:raises cryptography.x509.InvalidVersion: If the version in the
certificate is not a known
:class:`X.509 version <cryptography.x509.Version>`.
.. doctest::
>>> cert.version
<Version.v3: 2>
.. method:: fingerprint(algorithm)
:param algorithm: The
:class:`~cryptography.hazmat.primitives.hashes.HashAlgorithm`
that will be used to generate the fingerprint.
:return bytes: The fingerprint using the supplied hash algorithm as
bytes.
.. doctest::
>>> from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import hashes
>>> cert.fingerprint(hashes.SHA256())
'\x86\xd2\x187Gc\xfc\xe7}[+E9\x8d\xb4\x8f\x10\xe5S\xda\x18u\xbe}a\x03\x08[\xac\xa04?'
.. attribute:: serial
:type: int
The serial as a Python integer.
.. doctest::
>>> cert.serial
2
.. method:: public_key()
:type:
:class:`~cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric.rsa.RSAPublicKey` or
:class:`~cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric.dsa.DSAPublicKey` or
:class:`~cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric.ec.EllipticCurvePublicKey`
The public key associated with the certificate.
.. doctest::
>>> from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric import rsa
>>> public_key = cert.public_key()
>>> isinstance(public_key, rsa.RSAPublicKey)
True
.. attribute:: not_valid_before
:type: :class:`datetime.datetime`
A naïve datetime representing the beginning of the validity period for
the certificate in UTC. This value is inclusive.
.. doctest::
>>> cert.not_valid_before
datetime.datetime(2010, 1, 1, 8, 30)
.. attribute:: not_valid_after
:type: :class:`datetime.datetime`
A naïve datetime representing the end of the validity period for the
certificate in UTC. This value is inclusive.
.. doctest::
>>> cert.not_valid_after
datetime.datetime(2030, 12, 31, 8, 30)
.. attribute:: issuer
.. versionadded:: 0.8
:type: :class:`Name`
The :class:`Name` of the issuer.
.. attribute:: subject
.. versionadded:: 0.8
:type: :class:`Name`
The :class:`Name` of the subject.
.. attribute:: signature_hash_algorithm
:type: :class:`~cryptography.hazmat.primitives.hashes.HashAlgorithm`
Returns the
:class:`~cryptography.hazmat.primitives.hashes.HashAlgorithm` which
was used in signing this certificate.
.. doctest::
>>> from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import hashes
>>> isinstance(cert.signature_hash_algorithm, hashes.SHA256)
True
.. attribute:: extensions
:type: :class:`Extensions`
The extensions encoded in the certificate.
:raises cryptography.x509.DuplicateExtension: If more than one
extension of the same type is found within the certificate.
:raises cryptography.x509.UnsupportedExtension: If the certificate
contains an extension that is not supported.
:raises cryptography.x509.UnsupportedGeneralNameType: If an extension
contains a general name that is not supported.
.. doctest::
>>> for ext in cert.extensions:
... print(ext)
<Extension(oid=<ObjectIdentifier(oid=2.5.29.14, name=subjectKeyIdentifier)>, critical=False, value=<SubjectKeyIdentifier(digest='X\x01\x84$\x1b\xbc+R\x94J=\xa5\x10r\x14Q\xf5\xaf:\xc9')>)>
<Extension(oid=<ObjectIdentifier(oid=2.5.29.15, name=keyUsage)>, critical=True, value=<KeyUsage(digital_signature=False, content_commitment=False, key_encipherment=False, data_encipherment=False, key_agreement=False, key_cert_sign=True, crl_sign=True, encipher_only=None, decipher_only=None)>)>
<Extension(oid=<ObjectIdentifier(oid=2.5.29.19, name=basicConstraints)>, critical=True, value=<BasicConstraints(ca=True, path_length=None)>)>
X.509 CSR (Certificate Signing Request) Object
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. class:: CertificateSigningRequest
.. versionadded:: 0.9
.. method:: public_key()
:type:
:class:`~cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric.rsa.RSAPublicKey` or
:class:`~cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric.dsa.DSAPublicKey` or
:class:`~cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric.ec.EllipticCurvePublicKey`
The public key associated with the request.
.. doctest::
>>> from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric import rsa
>>> public_key = csr.public_key()
>>> isinstance(public_key, rsa.RSAPublicKey)
True
.. attribute:: subject
:type: :class:`Name`
The :class:`Name` of the subject.
.. attribute:: signature_hash_algorithm
:type: :class:`~cryptography.hazmat.primitives.hashes.HashAlgorithm`
Returns the
:class:`~cryptography.hazmat.primitives.hashes.HashAlgorithm` which
was used in signing this request.
.. doctest::
>>> from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import hashes
>>> isinstance(csr.signature_hash_algorithm, hashes.SHA1)
True
.. class:: Name
.. versionadded:: 0.8
An X509 Name is an ordered list of attributes. The object is iterable to
get every attribute or you can use :meth:`Name.get_attributes_for_oid` to
obtain the specific type you want. Names are sometimes represented as a
slash or comma delimited string (e.g. ``/CN=mydomain.com/O=My Org/C=US`` or
``CN=mydomain.com, O=My Org, C=US``).
.. doctest::
>>> len(cert.subject)
3
>>> for attribute in cert.subject:
... print(attribute)
<NameAttribute(oid=<ObjectIdentifier(oid=2.5.4.6, name=countryName)>, value=u'US')>
<NameAttribute(oid=<ObjectIdentifier(oid=2.5.4.10, name=organizationName)>, value=u'Test Certificates 2011')>
<NameAttribute(oid=<ObjectIdentifier(oid=2.5.4.3, name=commonName)>, value=u'Good CA')>
.. method:: get_attributes_for_oid(oid)
:param oid: An :class:`ObjectIdentifier` instance.
:returns: A list of :class:`NameAttribute` instances that match the
OID provided. If nothing matches an empty list will be returned.
.. doctest::
>>> cert.subject.get_attributes_for_oid(x509.OID_COMMON_NAME)
[<NameAttribute(oid=<ObjectIdentifier(oid=2.5.4.3, name=commonName)>, value=u'Good CA')>]
.. class:: Version
.. versionadded:: 0.7
An enumeration for X.509 versions.
.. attribute:: v1
For version 1 X.509 certificates.
.. attribute:: v3
For version 3 X.509 certificates.
.. class:: NameAttribute
.. versionadded:: 0.8
An X.509 name consists of a list of NameAttribute instances.
.. attribute:: oid
:type: :class:`ObjectIdentifier`
The attribute OID.
.. attribute:: value
:type: :term:`text`
The value of the attribute.
.. class:: ObjectIdentifier
.. versionadded:: 0.8
Object identifiers (frequently seen abbreviated as OID) identify the type
of a value (see: :class:`NameAttribute`).
.. attribute:: dotted_string
:type: :class:`str`
The dotted string value of the OID (e.g. ``"2.5.4.3"``)
.. _general_name_classes:
General Name Classes
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. class:: GeneralName
.. versionadded:: 0.9
This is the generic interface that all the following classes are registered
against.
.. class:: RFC822Name
.. versionadded:: 0.9
This corresponds to an email address. For example, ``user@example.com``.
.. attribute:: value
:type: :term:`text`
.. class:: DNSName
.. versionadded:: 0.9
This corresponds to a domain name. For example, ``cryptography.io``.
.. attribute:: value
:type: :term:`text`
.. class:: DirectoryName
.. versionadded:: 0.9
This corresponds to a directory name.
.. attribute:: value
:type: :class:`Name`
.. class:: UniformResourceIdentifier
.. versionadded:: 0.9
This corresponds to a uniform resource identifier. For example,
``https://cryptography.io``.
.. attribute:: value
:type: :term:`text`
.. class:: IPAddress
.. versionadded:: 0.9
This corresponds to an IP address.
.. attribute:: value
:type: :class:`~ipaddress.IPv4Address` or
:class:`~ipaddress.IPv6Address`.
.. class:: RegisteredID
.. versionadded:: 0.9
This corresponds to a registered ID.
.. attribute:: value
:type: :class:`ObjectIdentifier`
X.509 Extensions
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. class:: Extensions
.. versionadded:: 0.9
An X.509 Extensions instance is an ordered list of extensions. The object
is iterable to get every extension.
.. method:: get_extension_for_oid(oid)
:param oid: An :class:`ObjectIdentifier` instance.
:returns: An instance of the extension class.
:raises cryptography.x509.ExtensionNotFound: If the certificate does
not have the extension requested.
.. doctest::
>>> cert.extensions.get_extension_for_oid(x509.OID_BASIC_CONSTRAINTS)
<Extension(oid=<ObjectIdentifier(oid=2.5.29.19, name=basicConstraints)>, critical=True, value=<BasicConstraints(ca=True, path_length=None)>)>
.. class:: Extension
.. versionadded:: 0.9
.. attribute:: oid
:type: :class:`ObjectIdentifier`
The :ref:`extension OID <extension_oids>`.
.. attribute:: critical
:type: bool
Determines whether a given extension is critical or not. :rfc:`5280`
requires that "A certificate-using system MUST reject the certificate
if it encounters a critical extension it does not recognize or a
critical extension that contains information that it cannot process".
.. attribute:: value
Returns an instance of the extension type corresponding to the OID.
.. class:: KeyUsage
.. versionadded:: 0.9
The key usage extension defines the purpose of the key contained in the
certificate. The usage restriction might be employed when a key that could
be used for more than one operation is to be restricted. It corresponds to
:data:`OID_KEY_USAGE`.
.. attribute:: digital_signature
:type: bool
This purpose is set to true when the subject public key is used for verifying
digital signatures, other than signatures on certificates
(``key_cert_sign``) and CRLs (``crl_sign``).
.. attribute:: content_commitment
:type: bool
This purpose is set to true when the subject public key is used for verifying
digital signatures, other than signatures on certificates
(``key_cert_sign``) and CRLs (``crl_sign``). It is used to provide a
non-repudiation service that protects against the signing entity
falsely denying some action. In the case of later conflict, a
reliable third party may determine the authenticity of the signed
data. This was called ``non_repudiation`` in older revisions of the
X.509 specification.
.. attribute:: key_encipherment
:type: bool
This purpose is set to true when the subject public key is used for
enciphering private or secret keys.
.. attribute:: data_encipherment
:type: bool
This purpose is set to true when the subject public key is used for
directly enciphering raw user data without the use of an intermediate
symmetric cipher.
.. attribute:: key_agreement
:type: bool
This purpose is set to true when the subject public key is used for key
agreement. For example, when a Diffie-Hellman key is to be used for
key management, then this purpose is set to true.
.. attribute:: key_cert_sign
:type: bool
This purpose is set to true when the subject public key is used for
verifying signatures on public key certificates. If this purpose is set
to true then ``ca`` must be true in the :class:`BasicConstraints`
extension.
.. attribute:: crl_sign
:type: bool
This purpose is set to true when the subject public key is used for
verifying signatures on certificate revocation lists.
.. attribute:: encipher_only
:type: bool
When this purposes is set to true and the ``key_agreement`` purpose is
also set, the subject public key may be used only for enciphering data
while performing key agreement.
:raises ValueError: This is raised if accessed when ``key_agreement``
is false.
.. attribute:: decipher_only
:type: bool
When this purposes is set to true and the ``key_agreement`` purpose is
also set, the subject public key may be used only for deciphering data
while performing key agreement.
:raises ValueError: This is raised if accessed when ``key_agreement``
is false.
.. class:: BasicConstraints
.. versionadded:: 0.9
Basic constraints is an X.509 extension type that defines whether a given
certificate is allowed to sign additional certificates and what path
length restrictions may exist. It corresponds to
:data:`OID_BASIC_CONSTRAINTS`.
.. attribute:: ca
:type: bool
Whether the certificate can sign certificates.
.. attribute:: path_length
:type: int or None
The maximum path length for certificates subordinate to this
certificate. This attribute only has meaning if ``ca`` is true.
If ``ca`` is true then a path length of None means there's no
restriction on the number of subordinate CAs in the certificate chain.
If it is zero or greater then that number defines the maximum length.
For example, a ``path_length`` of 1 means the certificate can sign a
subordinate CA, but the subordinate CA is not allowed to create
subordinates with ``ca`` set to true.
.. class:: ExtendedKeyUsage
.. versionadded:: 0.9
This extension indicates one or more purposes for which the certified
public key may be used, in addition to or in place of the basic
purposes indicated in the key usage extension. The object is
iterable to obtain the list of :ref:`extended key usage OIDs <eku_oids>`.
.. class:: AuthorityKeyIdentifier
.. versionadded:: 0.9
The authority key identifier extension provides a means of identifying the
public key corresponding to the private key used to sign a certificate.
This extension is typically used to assist in determining the appropriate
certificate chain. For more information about generation and use of this
extension see `RFC 5280 section 4.2.1.1`_.
.. attribute:: key_identifier
:type: bytes
A value derived from the public key used to verify the certificate's
signature.
.. attribute:: authority_cert_issuer
:type: :class:`Name` or None
The :class:`Name` of the issuer's issuer.
.. attribute:: authority_cert_serial_number
:type: int or None
The serial number of the issuer's issuer.
.. class:: SubjectKeyIdentifier
.. versionadded:: 0.9
The subject key identifier extension provides a means of identifying
certificates that contain a particular public key.
.. attribute:: digest
:type: bytes
The binary value of the identifier.
.. class:: SubjectAlternativeName
.. versionadded:: 0.9
Subject alternative name is an X.509 extension that provides a list of
:ref:`general name <general_name_classes>` instances that provide a set
of identities for which the certificate is valid. The object is iterable to
get every element.
.. method:: get_values_for_type(type)
:param type: A :class:`GeneralName` provider. This is one of the
:ref:`general name classes <general_name_classes>`.
:returns: A list of values extracted from the matched general names.
Object Identifiers
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
X.509 elements are frequently identified by :class:`ObjectIdentifier`
instances. The following common OIDs are available as constants.
Name OIDs
~~~~~~~~~
.. data:: OID_COMMON_NAME
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"2.5.4.3"``. Historically the domain
name would be encoded here for server certificates. :rfc:`2818` deprecates
this practice and names of that type should now be located in a
SubjectAlternativeName extension. This OID is typically seen in X.509 names.
.. data:: OID_COUNTRY_NAME
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"2.5.4.6"``. This OID is typically seen
in X.509 names.
.. data:: OID_LOCALITY_NAME
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"2.5.4.7"``. This OID is typically seen
in X.509 names.
.. data:: OID_STATE_OR_PROVINCE_NAME
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"2.5.4.8"``. This OID is typically seen
in X.509 names.
.. data:: OID_ORGANIZATION_NAME
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"2.5.4.10"``. This OID is typically seen
in X.509 names.
.. data:: OID_ORGANIZATIONAL_UNIT_NAME
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"2.5.4.11"``. This OID is typically seen
in X.509 names.
.. data:: OID_SERIAL_NUMBER
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"2.5.4.5"``. This is distinct from the
serial number of the certificate itself (which can be obtained with
:func:`Certificate.serial`). This OID is typically seen in X.509 names.
.. data:: OID_SURNAME
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"2.5.4.4"``. This OID is typically seen
in X.509 names.
.. data:: OID_GIVEN_NAME
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"2.5.4.42"``. This OID is typically seen
in X.509 names.
.. data:: OID_TITLE
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"2.5.4.12"``. This OID is typically seen
in X.509 names.
.. data:: OID_GENERATION_QUALIFIER
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"2.5.4.44"``. This OID is typically seen
in X.509 names.
.. data:: OID_DN_QUALIFIER
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"2.5.4.46"``. This specifies
disambiguating information to add to the relative distinguished name of an
entry. See :rfc:`2256`. This OID is typically seen in X.509 names.
.. data:: OID_PSEUDONYM
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"2.5.4.65"``. This OID is typically seen
in X.509 names.
.. data:: OID_DOMAIN_COMPONENT
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"0.9.2342.19200300.100.1.25"``. A string
holding one component of a domain name. See :rfc:`4519`. This OID is
typically seen in X.509 names.
.. data:: OID_EMAIL_ADDRESS
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"1.2.840.113549.1.9.1"``. This OID is
typically seen in X.509 names.
Signature Algorithm OIDs
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. data:: OID_RSA_WITH_MD5
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"1.2.840.113549.1.1.4"``. This is
an MD5 digest signed by an RSA key.
.. data:: OID_RSA_WITH_SHA1
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"1.2.840.113549.1.1.5"``. This is
a SHA1 digest signed by an RSA key.
.. data:: OID_RSA_WITH_SHA224
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"1.2.840.113549.1.1.14"``. This is
a SHA224 digest signed by an RSA key.
.. data:: OID_RSA_WITH_SHA256
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"1.2.840.113549.1.1.11"``. This is
a SHA256 digest signed by an RSA key.
.. data:: OID_RSA_WITH_SHA384
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"1.2.840.113549.1.1.12"``. This is
a SHA384 digest signed by an RSA key.
.. data:: OID_RSA_WITH_SHA512
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"1.2.840.113549.1.1.13"``. This is
a SHA512 digest signed by an RSA key.
.. data:: OID_ECDSA_WITH_SHA224
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"1.2.840.10045.4.3.1"``. This is
a SHA224 digest signed by an ECDSA key.
.. data:: OID_ECDSA_WITH_SHA256
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"1.2.840.10045.4.3.2"``. This is
a SHA256 digest signed by an ECDSA key.
.. data:: OID_ECDSA_WITH_SHA384
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"1.2.840.10045.4.3.3"``. This is
a SHA384 digest signed by an ECDSA key.
.. data:: OID_ECDSA_WITH_SHA512
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"1.2.840.10045.4.3.4"``. This is
a SHA512 digest signed by an ECDSA key.
.. data:: OID_DSA_WITH_SHA1
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"1.2.840.10040.4.3"``. This is
a SHA1 digest signed by a DSA key.
.. data:: OID_DSA_WITH_SHA224
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"2.16.840.1.101.3.4.3.1"``. This is
a SHA224 digest signed by a DSA key.
.. data:: OID_DSA_WITH_SHA256
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"2.16.840.1.101.3.4.3.2"``. This is
a SHA256 digest signed by a DSA key.
.. _eku_oids:
Extended Key Usage OIDs
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. data:: OID_SERVER_AUTH
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.1"``. This is used to
denote that a certificate may be used for TLS web server authentication.
.. data:: OID_CLIENT_AUTH
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.2"``. This is used to
denote that a certificate may be used for TLS web client authentication.
.. data:: OID_CODE_SIGNING
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.3"``. This is used to
denote that a certificate may be used for code signing.
.. data:: OID_EMAIL_PROTECTION
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.4"``. This is used to
denote that a certificate may be used for email protection.
.. data:: OID_TIME_STAMPING
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.8"``. This is used to
denote that a certificate may be used for time stamping.
.. data:: OID_OCSP_SIGNING
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.9"``. This is used to
denote that a certificate may be used for signing OCSP responses.
.. _extension_oids:
Extension OIDs
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. data:: OID_BASIC_CONSTRAINTS
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"2.5.29.19"``. The identifier for the
:class:`BasicConstraints` extension type.
.. data:: OID_KEY_USAGE
Corresponds to the dotted string ``"2.5.29.15"``. The identifier for the
:class:`KeyUsage` extension type.
Exceptions
~~~~~~~~~~
.. class:: InvalidVersion
This is raised when an X.509 certificate has an invalid version number.
.. attribute:: parsed_version
:type: int
Returns the raw version that was parsed from the certificate.
.. class:: DuplicateExtension
This is raised when more than one X.509 extension of the same type is
found within a certificate.
.. attribute:: oid
:type: :class:`ObjectIdentifier`
Returns the OID.
.. class:: UnsupportedExtension
This is raised when a certificate contains an unsupported extension type.
.. attribute:: oid
:type: :class:`ObjectIdentifier`
Returns the OID.
.. class:: ExtensionNotFound
This is raised when calling :meth:`Extensions.get_extension_for_oid` with
an extension OID that is not present in the certificate.
.. attribute:: oid
:type: :class:`ObjectIdentifier`
Returns the OID.
.. class:: UnsupportedGeneralNameType
This is raised when a certificate contains an unsupported general name
type in an extension.
.. attribute:: type
:type: int
The integer value of the unsupported type. The complete list of
types can be found in `RFC 5280 section 4.2.1.6`_.
.. _`public key infrastructure`: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_key_infrastructure
.. _`TLS`: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security
.. _`RFC 5280 section 4.2.1.1`: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5280#section-4.2.1.1
.. _`RFC 5280 section 4.2.1.6`: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5280#section-4.2.1.6