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+/**CFile****************************************************************
+
+ FileName [extraBddUnate.c]
+
+ PackageName [extra]
+
+ Synopsis [Efficient methods to compute the information about
+ unate variables using an algorithm that is conceptually similar to
+ the algorithm for two-variable symmetry computation presented in:
+ A. Mishchenko. Fast Computation of Symmetries in Boolean Functions.
+ Transactions on CAD, Nov. 2003.]
+
+ Author [Alan Mishchenko]
+
+ Affiliation [UC Berkeley]
+
+ Date [Ver. 2.0. Started - September 1, 2003.]
+
+ Revision [$Id: extraBddUnate.c,v 1.0 2003/09/01 00:00:00 alanmi Exp $]
+
+***********************************************************************/
+
+#include "extra.h"
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Constant declarations */
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Stucture declarations */
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Type declarations */
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Variable declarations */
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Macro declarations */
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/**AutomaticStart*************************************************************/
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Static function prototypes */
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/**AutomaticEnd***************************************************************/
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Definition of exported functions */
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+
+/**Function********************************************************************
+
+ Synopsis [Computes the classical symmetry information for the function.]
+
+ Description [Returns the symmetry information in the form of Extra_UnateInfo_t structure.]
+
+ SideEffects [If the ZDD variables are not derived from BDD variables with
+ multiplicity 2, this function may derive them in a wrong way.]
+
+ SeeAlso []
+
+******************************************************************************/
+Extra_UnateInfo_t * Extra_UnateComputeFast(
+ DdManager * dd, /* the manager */
+ DdNode * bFunc) /* the function whose symmetries are computed */
+{
+ DdNode * bSupp;
+ DdNode * zRes;
+ Extra_UnateInfo_t * p;
+
+ bSupp = Cudd_Support( dd, bFunc ); Cudd_Ref( bSupp );
+ zRes = Extra_zddUnateInfoCompute( dd, bFunc, bSupp ); Cudd_Ref( zRes );
+
+ p = Extra_UnateInfoCreateFromZdd( dd, zRes, bSupp );
+
+ Cudd_RecursiveDeref( dd, bSupp );
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zRes );
+
+ return p;
+
+} /* end of Extra_UnateInfoCompute */
+
+
+/**Function********************************************************************
+
+ Synopsis [Computes the classical symmetry information as a ZDD.]
+
+ Description []
+
+ SideEffects []
+
+ SeeAlso []
+
+******************************************************************************/
+DdNode * Extra_zddUnateInfoCompute(
+ DdManager * dd, /* the DD manager */
+ DdNode * bF,
+ DdNode * bVars)
+{
+ DdNode * res;
+ do {
+ dd->reordered = 0;
+ res = extraZddUnateInfoCompute( dd, bF, bVars );
+ } while (dd->reordered == 1);
+ return(res);
+
+} /* end of Extra_zddUnateInfoCompute */
+
+
+/**Function********************************************************************
+
+ Synopsis [Converts a set of variables into a set of singleton subsets.]
+
+ Description []
+
+ SideEffects []
+
+ SeeAlso []
+
+******************************************************************************/
+DdNode * Extra_zddGetSingletonsBoth(
+ DdManager * dd, /* the DD manager */
+ DdNode * bVars) /* the set of variables */
+{
+ DdNode * res;
+ do {
+ dd->reordered = 0;
+ res = extraZddGetSingletonsBoth( dd, bVars );
+ } while (dd->reordered == 1);
+ return(res);
+
+} /* end of Extra_zddGetSingletonsBoth */
+
+/**Function********************************************************************
+
+ Synopsis [Allocates unateness information structure.]
+
+ Description []
+
+ SideEffects []
+
+ SeeAlso []
+
+******************************************************************************/
+Extra_UnateInfo_t * Extra_UnateInfoAllocate( int nVars )
+{
+ Extra_UnateInfo_t * p;
+ // allocate and clean the storage for unateness info
+ p = ALLOC( Extra_UnateInfo_t, 1 );
+ memset( p, 0, sizeof(Extra_UnateInfo_t) );
+ p->nVars = nVars;
+ p->pVars = ALLOC( Extra_UnateVar_t, nVars );
+ memset( p->pVars, 0, nVars * sizeof(Extra_UnateVar_t) );
+ return p;
+} /* end of Extra_UnateInfoAllocate */
+
+/**Function********************************************************************
+
+ Synopsis [Deallocates symmetry information structure.]
+
+ Description []
+
+ SideEffects []
+
+ SeeAlso []
+
+******************************************************************************/
+void Extra_UnateInfoDissolve( Extra_UnateInfo_t * p )
+{
+ free( p->pVars );
+ free( p );
+} /* end of Extra_UnateInfoDissolve */
+
+/**Function********************************************************************
+
+ Synopsis [Allocates symmetry information structure.]
+
+ Description []
+
+ SideEffects []
+
+ SeeAlso []
+
+******************************************************************************/
+void Extra_UnateInfoPrint( Extra_UnateInfo_t * p )
+{
+ char * pBuffer;
+ int i;
+ pBuffer = ALLOC( char, p->nVarsMax+1 );
+ memset( pBuffer, ' ', p->nVarsMax );
+ pBuffer[p->nVarsMax] = 0;
+ for ( i = 0; i < p->nVars; i++ )
+ if ( p->pVars[i].Neg )
+ pBuffer[ p->pVars[i].iVar ] = 'n';
+ else if ( p->pVars[i].Pos )
+ pBuffer[ p->pVars[i].iVar ] = 'p';
+ else
+ pBuffer[ p->pVars[i].iVar ] = '.';
+ printf( "%s\n", pBuffer );
+ free( pBuffer );
+} /* end of Extra_UnateInfoPrint */
+
+
+/**Function********************************************************************
+
+ Synopsis [Creates the symmetry information structure from ZDD.]
+
+ Description [ZDD representation of symmetries is the set of cubes, each
+ of which has two variables in the positive polarity. These variables correspond
+ to the symmetric variable pair.]
+
+ SideEffects []
+
+ SeeAlso []
+
+******************************************************************************/
+Extra_UnateInfo_t * Extra_UnateInfoCreateFromZdd( DdManager * dd, DdNode * zPairs, DdNode * bSupp )
+{
+ Extra_UnateInfo_t * p;
+ DdNode * bTemp, * zSet, * zCube, * zTemp;
+ int * pMapVars2Nums;
+ int i, nSuppSize;
+
+ nSuppSize = Extra_bddSuppSize( dd, bSupp );
+
+ // allocate and clean the storage for symmetry info
+ p = Extra_UnateInfoAllocate( nSuppSize );
+
+ // allocate the storage for the temporary map
+ pMapVars2Nums = ALLOC( int, dd->size );
+ memset( pMapVars2Nums, 0, dd->size * sizeof(int) );
+
+ // assign the variables
+ p->nVarsMax = dd->size;
+ for ( i = 0, bTemp = bSupp; bTemp != b1; bTemp = cuddT(bTemp), i++ )
+ {
+ p->pVars[i].iVar = bTemp->index;
+ pMapVars2Nums[bTemp->index] = i;
+ }
+
+ // write the symmetry info into the structure
+ zSet = zPairs; Cudd_Ref( zSet );
+// Cudd_zddPrintCover( dd, zPairs ); printf( "\n" );
+ while ( zSet != z0 )
+ {
+ // get the next cube
+ zCube = Extra_zddSelectOneSubset( dd, zSet ); Cudd_Ref( zCube );
+
+ // add this var to the data structure
+ assert( cuddT(zCube) == z1 && cuddE(zCube) == z0 );
+ if ( zCube->index & 1 ) // neg
+ p->pVars[ pMapVars2Nums[zCube->index/2] ].Neg = 1;
+ else
+ p->pVars[ pMapVars2Nums[zCube->index/2] ].Pos = 1;
+ // count the unate vars
+ p->nUnate++;
+
+ // update the cuver and deref the cube
+ zSet = Cudd_zddDiff( dd, zTemp = zSet, zCube ); Cudd_Ref( zSet );
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zTemp );
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zCube );
+
+ } // for each cube
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zSet );
+ FREE( pMapVars2Nums );
+ return p;
+
+} /* end of Extra_UnateInfoCreateFromZdd */
+
+
+
+/**Function********************************************************************
+
+ Synopsis [Computes the classical unateness information for the function.]
+
+ Description [Uses the naive way of comparing cofactors.]
+
+ SideEffects []
+
+ SeeAlso []
+
+******************************************************************************/
+Extra_UnateInfo_t * Extra_UnateComputeSlow( DdManager * dd, DdNode * bFunc )
+{
+ int nSuppSize;
+ DdNode * bSupp, * bTemp;
+ Extra_UnateInfo_t * p;
+ int i, Res;
+
+ // compute the support
+ bSupp = Cudd_Support( dd, bFunc ); Cudd_Ref( bSupp );
+ nSuppSize = Extra_bddSuppSize( dd, bSupp );
+//printf( "Support = %d. ", nSuppSize );
+//Extra_bddPrint( dd, bSupp );
+//printf( "%d ", nSuppSize );
+
+ // allocate the storage for symmetry info
+ p = Extra_UnateInfoAllocate( nSuppSize );
+
+ // assign the variables
+ p->nVarsMax = dd->size;
+ for ( i = 0, bTemp = bSupp; bTemp != b1; bTemp = cuddT(bTemp), i++ )
+ {
+ Res = Extra_bddCheckUnateNaive( dd, bFunc, bTemp->index );
+ p->pVars[i].iVar = bTemp->index;
+ if ( Res == -1 )
+ p->pVars[i].Neg = 1;
+ else if ( Res == 1 )
+ p->pVars[i].Pos = 1;
+ p->nUnate += (Res != 0);
+ }
+ Cudd_RecursiveDeref( dd, bSupp );
+ return p;
+
+} /* end of Extra_UnateComputeSlow */
+
+/**Function********************************************************************
+
+ Synopsis [Checks if the two variables are symmetric.]
+
+ Description [Returns 0 if vars are not unate. Return -1/+1 if the var is neg/pos unate.]
+
+ SideEffects []
+
+ SeeAlso []
+
+******************************************************************************/
+int Extra_bddCheckUnateNaive(
+ DdManager * dd, /* the DD manager */
+ DdNode * bF,
+ int iVar)
+{
+ DdNode * bCof0, * bCof1;
+ int Res;
+
+ assert( iVar < dd->size );
+
+ bCof0 = Cudd_Cofactor( dd, bF, Cudd_Not(Cudd_bddIthVar(dd,iVar)) ); Cudd_Ref( bCof0 );
+ bCof1 = Cudd_Cofactor( dd, bF, Cudd_bddIthVar(dd,iVar) ); Cudd_Ref( bCof1 );
+
+ if ( Cudd_bddLeq( dd, bCof0, bCof1 ) )
+ Res = 1;
+ else if ( Cudd_bddLeq( dd, bCof1, bCof0 ) )
+ Res =-1;
+ else
+ Res = 0;
+
+ Cudd_RecursiveDeref( dd, bCof0 );
+ Cudd_RecursiveDeref( dd, bCof1 );
+ return Res;
+} /* end of Extra_bddCheckUnateNaive */
+
+
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Definition of internal functions */
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/**Function********************************************************************
+
+ Synopsis [Performs a recursive step of Extra_UnateInfoCompute.]
+
+ Description [Returns the set of symmetric variable pairs represented as a set
+ of two-literal ZDD cubes. Both variables always appear in the positive polarity
+ in the cubes. This function works without building new BDD nodes. Some relatively
+ small number of ZDD nodes may be built to ensure proper bookkeeping of the
+ symmetry information.]
+
+ SideEffects []
+
+ SeeAlso []
+
+******************************************************************************/
+DdNode *
+extraZddUnateInfoCompute(
+ DdManager * dd, /* the manager */
+ DdNode * bFunc, /* the function whose symmetries are computed */
+ DdNode * bVars ) /* the set of variables on which this function depends */
+{
+ DdNode * zRes;
+ DdNode * bFR = Cudd_Regular(bFunc);
+
+ if ( cuddIsConstant(bFR) )
+ {
+ if ( cuddIsConstant(bVars) )
+ return z0;
+ return extraZddGetSingletonsBoth( dd, bVars );
+ }
+ assert( bVars != b1 );
+
+ if ( zRes = cuddCacheLookup2Zdd(dd, extraZddUnateInfoCompute, bFunc, bVars) )
+ return zRes;
+ else
+ {
+ DdNode * zRes0, * zRes1;
+ DdNode * zTemp, * zPlus;
+ DdNode * bF0, * bF1;
+ DdNode * bVarsNew;
+ int nVarsExtra;
+ int LevelF;
+ int AddVar;
+
+ // every variable in bF should be also in bVars, therefore LevelF cannot be above LevelV
+ // if LevelF is below LevelV, scroll through the vars in bVars to the same level as F
+ // count how many extra vars are there in bVars
+ nVarsExtra = 0;
+ LevelF = dd->perm[bFR->index];
+ for ( bVarsNew = bVars; LevelF > dd->perm[bVarsNew->index]; bVarsNew = cuddT(bVarsNew) )
+ nVarsExtra++;
+ // the indexes (level) of variables should be synchronized now
+ assert( bFR->index == bVarsNew->index );
+
+ // cofactor the function
+ if ( bFR != bFunc ) // bFunc is complemented
+ {
+ bF0 = Cudd_Not( cuddE(bFR) );
+ bF1 = Cudd_Not( cuddT(bFR) );
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ bF0 = cuddE(bFR);
+ bF1 = cuddT(bFR);
+ }
+
+ // solve subproblems
+ zRes0 = extraZddUnateInfoCompute( dd, bF0, cuddT(bVarsNew) );
+ if ( zRes0 == NULL )
+ return NULL;
+ cuddRef( zRes0 );
+
+ // if there is no symmetries in the negative cofactor
+ // there is no need to test the positive cofactor
+ if ( zRes0 == z0 )
+ zRes = zRes0; // zRes takes reference
+ else
+ {
+ zRes1 = extraZddUnateInfoCompute( dd, bF1, cuddT(bVarsNew) );
+ if ( zRes1 == NULL )
+ {
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zRes0 );
+ return NULL;
+ }
+ cuddRef( zRes1 );
+
+ // only those variables are pair-wise symmetric
+ // that are pair-wise symmetric in both cofactors
+ // therefore, intersect the solutions
+ zRes = cuddZddIntersect( dd, zRes0, zRes1 );
+ if ( zRes == NULL )
+ {
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zRes0 );
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zRes1 );
+ return NULL;
+ }
+ cuddRef( zRes );
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zRes0 );
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zRes1 );
+ }
+
+ // consider the current top-most variable
+ AddVar = -1;
+ if ( Cudd_bddLeq( dd, bF0, bF1 ) ) // pos
+ AddVar = 0;
+ else if ( Cudd_bddLeq( dd, bF1, bF0 ) ) // neg
+ AddVar = 1;
+ if ( AddVar >= 0 )
+ {
+ // create the singleton
+ zPlus = cuddZddGetNode( dd, 2*bFR->index + AddVar, z1, z0 );
+ if ( zPlus == NULL )
+ {
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zRes );
+ return NULL;
+ }
+ cuddRef( zPlus );
+
+ // add these to the result
+ zRes = cuddZddUnion( dd, zTemp = zRes, zPlus );
+ if ( zRes == NULL )
+ {
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zTemp );
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zPlus );
+ return NULL;
+ }
+ cuddRef( zRes );
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zTemp );
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zPlus );
+ }
+ // only zRes is referenced at this point
+
+ // if we skipped some variables, these variables cannot be symmetric with
+ // any variables that are currently in the support of bF, but they can be
+ // symmetric with the variables that are in bVars but not in the support of bF
+ for ( bVarsNew = bVars; LevelF > dd->perm[bVarsNew->index]; bVarsNew = cuddT(bVarsNew) )
+ {
+ // create the negative singleton
+ zPlus = cuddZddGetNode( dd, 2*bVarsNew->index+1, z1, z0 );
+ if ( zPlus == NULL )
+ {
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zRes );
+ return NULL;
+ }
+ cuddRef( zPlus );
+
+ // add these to the result
+ zRes = cuddZddUnion( dd, zTemp = zRes, zPlus );
+ if ( zRes == NULL )
+ {
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zTemp );
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zPlus );
+ return NULL;
+ }
+ cuddRef( zRes );
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zTemp );
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zPlus );
+
+
+ // create the positive singleton
+ zPlus = cuddZddGetNode( dd, 2*bVarsNew->index, z1, z0 );
+ if ( zPlus == NULL )
+ {
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zRes );
+ return NULL;
+ }
+ cuddRef( zPlus );
+
+ // add these to the result
+ zRes = cuddZddUnion( dd, zTemp = zRes, zPlus );
+ if ( zRes == NULL )
+ {
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zTemp );
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zPlus );
+ return NULL;
+ }
+ cuddRef( zRes );
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zTemp );
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zPlus );
+ }
+ cuddDeref( zRes );
+
+ /* insert the result into cache */
+ cuddCacheInsert2(dd, extraZddUnateInfoCompute, bFunc, bVars, zRes);
+ return zRes;
+ }
+} /* end of extraZddUnateInfoCompute */
+
+
+/**Function********************************************************************
+
+ Synopsis [Performs a recursive step of Extra_zddGetSingletons.]
+
+ Description [Returns the set of ZDD singletons, containing those pos/neg
+ polarity ZDD variables that correspond to the BDD variables in bVars.]
+
+ SideEffects []
+
+ SeeAlso []
+
+******************************************************************************/
+DdNode * extraZddGetSingletonsBoth(
+ DdManager * dd, /* the DD manager */
+ DdNode * bVars) /* the set of variables */
+{
+ DdNode * zRes;
+
+ if ( bVars == b1 )
+ return z1;
+
+ if ( zRes = cuddCacheLookup1Zdd(dd, extraZddGetSingletonsBoth, bVars) )
+ return zRes;
+ else
+ {
+ DdNode * zTemp, * zPlus;
+
+ // solve subproblem
+ zRes = extraZddGetSingletonsBoth( dd, cuddT(bVars) );
+ if ( zRes == NULL )
+ return NULL;
+ cuddRef( zRes );
+
+
+ // create the negative singleton
+ zPlus = cuddZddGetNode( dd, 2*bVars->index+1, z1, z0 );
+ if ( zPlus == NULL )
+ {
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zRes );
+ return NULL;
+ }
+ cuddRef( zPlus );
+
+ // add these to the result
+ zRes = cuddZddUnion( dd, zTemp = zRes, zPlus );
+ if ( zRes == NULL )
+ {
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zTemp );
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zPlus );
+ return NULL;
+ }
+ cuddRef( zRes );
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zTemp );
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zPlus );
+
+
+ // create the positive singleton
+ zPlus = cuddZddGetNode( dd, 2*bVars->index, z1, z0 );
+ if ( zPlus == NULL )
+ {
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zRes );
+ return NULL;
+ }
+ cuddRef( zPlus );
+
+ // add these to the result
+ zRes = cuddZddUnion( dd, zTemp = zRes, zPlus );
+ if ( zRes == NULL )
+ {
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zTemp );
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zPlus );
+ return NULL;
+ }
+ cuddRef( zRes );
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zTemp );
+ Cudd_RecursiveDerefZdd( dd, zPlus );
+
+ cuddDeref( zRes );
+ cuddCacheInsert1( dd, extraZddGetSingletonsBoth, bVars, zRes );
+ return zRes;
+ }
+} /* end of extraZddGetSingletonsBoth */
+
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Definition of static Functions */
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/